Литва
Leo (обсуждение | вклад) (→Государственные праздники) |
Leo (обсуждение | вклад) (→Достопримечательности) |
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== Развлечения == | == Развлечения == | ||
== Достопримечательности == | == Достопримечательности == | ||
| + | Что смотреть в Литве | ||
| + | Best of Lithuania | ||
| + | Trakai Island Castle and Museum | ||
| + | Trakai, the erstwhile capital of Lithuania, stands on a peninsula jutting between two lakes. | ||
| + | The Island Castle in the midst of Lake Galve, which now houses a museum, is one of Lithuania's | ||
| + | most famous monuments, built by the Grand Duke Vytautus when the country was | ||
| + | at the pinnacle of its power. | ||
| + | Тракайский замок на острове и музей | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Genocide Museum | ||
| + | Vilnius' Genocide Museum will take you on a haunting step back into the past | ||
| + | as you wander round the cells and courtyard where thousands of Lithuanians were | ||
| + | held and tortured by the KGB. The building has had a history of terror, | ||
| + | also serving as the Gestapo headquarters during the German occupation. | ||
| + | Музей геноцида в Вильнюсе | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Devil's Museum | ||
| + | The Devil's Museum in Kaunas houses a collection of over 2000 figures | ||
| + | of devils put together by the artist Antanas Zmuidzinavicius. | ||
| + | Don't miss the diabolical figures of Hitler and Stalin dancing over Lithuania. | ||
| + | Музей дьявола в Каунасе. Около 2000 фигур дьяволов собранных вместе художником Жмуидзинавичусом. | ||
| + | Не пропустите Сталина и Гитлера | ||
| + | |||
| + | Ninth Fort Museum | ||
| + | The Ninth Fort, just outside Kaunas, was the ninth such structure built | ||
| + | by the Russians to defend their empire's western border. | ||
| + | Later used by the Nazis and Stalin for more macabre purposes, | ||
| + | it now houses a museum which will tell you all about the fate of the Jews of Kanaus. | ||
| + | Музей девятого форта вблизи Каунаса построенный рускими для защиты своих западных границ. | ||
| + | Позднее использовался нацистами и Сталиным | ||
| + | |||
| + | Nida | ||
| + | The Neringa Peninsula, the Lithuanian section of the Kurland Spit, | ||
| + | is a 95-kilometre bar of land replete with sand dunes and pine forests. | ||
| + | The most beautiful village on the peninsula is Nida, an | ||
| + | old fishing settlement full of painted wooden houses with thatched roofs and kitchen gardens. | ||
| + | Нида - песчаные дюны м хвойный лес, прекрасная деревевушка на мысе Нида | ||
| + | |||
| + | Paneriai Memorial | ||
| + | In a forested suburb of Vilnius the Paneriai Memorial marks the entrance to a Nazi killing ground. | ||
| + | Its three stone slabs commemorate the hundred thousand people, mostly Jews from the city, | ||
| + | who were killed at Paneriai in World War II. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Gediminas Tower | ||
| + | The Gediminas Tower, which houses the Vilnius Castle Museum and is one of the city's | ||
| + | best-known landmarks, is the ideal place to take some rooftop photographs of Vilnius. | ||
| + | Башня Гендеминаса - музей Вильнюсского Замка | ||
| + | M.K. Ciurlionis Art Museum | ||
| + | Lithuania's most celebrated artist, M.K. Ciurlionis (1875-1911) | ||
| + | has a museum dedicated to him in Kaunas. It contains 360 pieces | ||
| + | of his mystical artwork that is often suffused with religious imagery, | ||
| + | as well as other pieces of pre-1940 folk art, sculptures and paintings. | ||
| + | Музей Черлюониса - хранит 360 его мистических полотен | ||
| + | -- | ||
| + | |||
== Экскурсионные маршруты == | == Экскурсионные маршруты == | ||
Версия 13:41, 6 февраля 2006
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| Девиз: нет | |||||
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| Столица | Вильнюс | ||||
| Крупнейший город | Вильнюс | ||||
| Официальный язык | {{{официальный_язык}}} | ||||
| Государственный строй | республика | ||||
| Территория • Всего • Воды (%) |
65300 км² незначительная | ||||
| Население • Численность • Место в мире • Плотность |
3454000 ~127-е 55.4 чел./км² | ||||
| Валюта | Лит | ||||
| Часовой пояс • Летнее время |
+2 | ||||
| Домен интернета | ..lt | ||||
| Телефонный код | +370 | ||||
| Код автомобильного номера | {{{авто_код}}} | ||||
Литва - это прибалтийская страна, расположенная на северо-востоке Европы на берегу Балтийского моря. Она граничит на севере с Латвией, на юго-востоке с Белоруссией, на юго-западе - с Польшей и Калининградской областью России.
Для туристов и отдыхающих Литва представляет интерес как морской курорт. Имеются протяженные песчаные пляжи в Неринге - городе, образованном объединением нескольких деревень на Куршской косе, и Паланге. Следует, однако, учитывать, что море очень мелкое и прохладное (19 - 21 С). Сезон - с июля по август. Другие популярные места - Тракайский исторический национальный парк в 30 км от Вильнюса и курорт Друскининкай.
Содержание |
География
Города
Регионы
История
1009 Lithuania was first mentioned in the Annales Quedlinburgenses.
1253 The Lithuanian state was founded. MINDAUGAS, the ruler of the united Lithuania, was crowned King.
1385 The Act of Krėva was signed with Poland. JOGAILA, the Grand Duke of Lithuania, married the Polish Princess Jadwiga, accepted Christianity and was crowned King of Poland.
1386 JOGAILA established the Vilnius diocese and organised the campaign to baptise Lithuania, which was the last country in Europe to adopt Christianity.
1410 In the Battle of ŽALGIRIS (Grünwald) close to Tannenberg, joint Lithuanian, Polish, Russian and Czech army under the command of VYTAUTAS, the Grand Duke of Lithuania, defeated the Teutonic Order. This victory stopped the 200-year-long attacks of the order.
1569 A union agreement between Lithuania and Poland was signed in Lublin, establishing a Commonwealth.
1579 Vilnius University was founded. For another 200 years it remained the most eastern university in Europe.
1795 Russia, Prussia and Austria carried out the third partition of the Lithuanian-Polish Commonwealth. Lithuania was incorporated into the Russian Empire.
1864–1904 A ban on Lithuanian publications in Latin characters was introduced. Books and newspapers in Latin characters were published in East Prussia and smuggled in across the border.
1918 February 16 The Council of Lithuania adopted a resolution on the restoration of the independent state of Lithuania, with the capital in Vilnius.
1920-1938 Vilnius was occupied by Poland. Kaunas became provisional capital
1940 Following the secret protocols of the Molotov-Ribentropp pact, Lithuania was occupied by the Soviet Union.
1941–1944 Lithuania was occupied by the Nazi Germany.
1944–1953 The armed resistance movement ‘the war after the war’ took place in forests in Lithuania. It was an attempt to stop the Soviet occupation and colonisation, forced collectivisation, mass persecutions and deportations of the Lithuanian population. The periods of Soviet and Nazi occupation inflicted enormous losses on the population due to the Holocaust of Lithuanian Jews, mass deportation to Siberia and numerous political emigration to the west.
1988 The SĄJŪDIS independence movement was established.
1990 March 11 The restoration of the independence of the Republic of Lithuania was declared.
1991 Lithuania became a member of the United Nations.
1993 Soviet troops left Lithuania.
2004 Lithuania joined NATO.
2004 Lithuania became a member of the EU.
Государственные праздники
1 января - Новый Год.
16 февраля – День независимости (от России - 1918 год).
11 марта – Восстановление независимости (от СССР - 1990 год).
конец марта - начало апреля (как скажут церковники) - воскресенье и следующий понедельник - Пасха.
1 мая – День Труда.
24 июня – Фестиваль летнего солнцестояния.
6 июля – День коронации Миндаугаса, первого короля Литвы (1253 год).
15 августа – праздник Успения Божьей Матери.
1 ноября – День Всех Святых.
25-26 декабря – Рождество.
Посольства
Памятка туриста
Телефоны оперативных служб
Виза
Таможенные правила и ограничения
Санитарная обстановка
Санитарная обстановка благоприятная. В гостиницах можно чистить зубы, используя воду из-под крана. При острой необходимости воду из-под крана можно пить, она специально обеззараживается.
Преступность
Местные обычаи и нравы
Транспорт
Как доехать
- на самолете: аэропорты Литвы: Палангский - Лиепайское шоссе 1, Паланга, тел.52020, 52234, Каунасский - Кармелава, тел.(27) 399396, 399401, Вильнюсский - Родюнская дорога 10а, Вильнюс, тел.(22) 306666, 233345
- на автомобиле или автобусом
- по железной дороге
- по морю
Пограничные пункты с сопредельными странами
Прокат автомобиля
Некоторые правила дорожного движения
Гостиницы
Еда
Покупки
Развлечения
Достопримечательности
Что смотреть в Литве Best of Lithuania Trakai Island Castle and Museum Trakai, the erstwhile capital of Lithuania, stands on a peninsula jutting between two lakes. The Island Castle in the midst of Lake Galve, which now houses a museum, is one of Lithuania's most famous monuments, built by the Grand Duke Vytautus when the country was at the pinnacle of its power. Тракайский замок на острове и музей
The Genocide Museum Vilnius' Genocide Museum will take you on a haunting step back into the past as you wander round the cells and courtyard where thousands of Lithuanians were held and tortured by the KGB. The building has had a history of terror, also serving as the Gestapo headquarters during the German occupation. Музей геноцида в Вильнюсе
The Devil's Museum The Devil's Museum in Kaunas houses a collection of over 2000 figures of devils put together by the artist Antanas Zmuidzinavicius. Don't miss the diabolical figures of Hitler and Stalin dancing over Lithuania. Музей дьявола в Каунасе. Около 2000 фигур дьяволов собранных вместе художником Жмуидзинавичусом. Не пропустите Сталина и Гитлера
Ninth Fort Museum The Ninth Fort, just outside Kaunas, was the ninth such structure built by the Russians to defend their empire's western border. Later used by the Nazis and Stalin for more macabre purposes, it now houses a museum which will tell you all about the fate of the Jews of Kanaus. Музей девятого форта вблизи Каунаса построенный рускими для защиты своих западных границ. Позднее использовался нацистами и Сталиным
Nida The Neringa Peninsula, the Lithuanian section of the Kurland Spit, is a 95-kilometre bar of land replete with sand dunes and pine forests. The most beautiful village on the peninsula is Nida, an old fishing settlement full of painted wooden houses with thatched roofs and kitchen gardens. Нида - песчаные дюны м хвойный лес, прекрасная деревевушка на мысе Нида
Paneriai Memorial In a forested suburb of Vilnius the Paneriai Memorial marks the entrance to a Nazi killing ground. Its three stone slabs commemorate the hundred thousand people, mostly Jews from the city, who were killed at Paneriai in World War II.
The Gediminas Tower The Gediminas Tower, which houses the Vilnius Castle Museum and is one of the city's best-known landmarks, is the ideal place to take some rooftop photographs of Vilnius. Башня Гендеминаса - музей Вильнюсского Замка M.K. Ciurlionis Art Museum Lithuania's most celebrated artist, M.K. Ciurlionis (1875-1911) has a museum dedicated to him in Kaunas. It contains 360 pieces of his mystical artwork that is often suffused with religious imagery, as well as other pieces of pre-1940 folk art, sculptures and paintings. Музей Черлюониса - хранит 360 его мистических полотен --
Экскурсионные маршруты
Информация в интернете
Сайт туристической организации Паланги Здесь находится исчерпывающая информация о гостиницах Паланги с фотографиями, телефонами, электронными адресами и сайтами, а так же имеется карта Паланги. Не пугайтесь – цены гостиниц на этом сайте указаны в литах. Для перевода в евро их надо поделить приблизительно на три.
Официальный сайт городской администрации Паланги
Официальный сайт городской администрации Клайпеды
