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*ZWD - зимбабвийский доллар ([[Зимбабве]])
 
*ZWD - зимбабвийский доллар ([[Зимбабве]])
  
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=='''ISO 4217'''==
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is the [[international standard]] describing three letter codes (also known as the '''currency code''') to define the names of [[currency|currencies]] established by the [[International Organization for Standardization]] (ISO). The ISO 4217 code list is the established norm in [[banking]] and [[business]] all over the world for defining different currencies, and in many countries the codes for the more common currencies are so well known publicly, that [[exchange rate]]s published in newspapers or posted in [[bank]]s use only these to define the different currencies, instead of translated currency names or ambiguous [[currency symbol]]s.
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Национальные валюты, не являющиеся самостоятельными по сути, производные от основной валюты страны-покровителя этих территорий
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# [[Faroese króna]] (от Датской кроны)
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The first two letters of the code are the two letters of [[ISO 3166-1 alpha-2]] [[country codes]] (which are similar to those used for [[Country code top-level domain|national top-level domains]] on the [[Internet]]) and the third is usually the initial of the currency itself. So [[Japan]]'s currency code becomes '''JPY'''—JP for Japan and Y for [[yen]]. This eliminates the problem caused by the names [[Dollar|dollar]], [[Franc|franc]] and [[Pound (currency)|pound]] being used in dozens of different countries, each having significantly differing values. Also, if a currency is revalued, the currency code's last letter is changed to distinguish it from the old currency. In some cases, the third letter is the initial for "new" in that country's language, to distinguish it from an older currency that was revalued; the code often long outlasts the usage of the term "new" itself. Examples of this include the [[Mexican peso]] ('''MXN''') and the [[Turkish lira]] ('''TRY'''). Other changes can be seen, however; the [[Russian ruble]], for example, changed from '''RUR''' to '''RUB''', where the B comes from the third letter in the word "ruble".
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# [[Guernsey pound]] (от Фунта стерлингов)
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# [[Jersey pound]] (от Фунта стерлингов)
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There is also a three-digit code number assigned to each currency, in the same manner as there is also a  three-digit code number assigned to each country as part of [[ISO 3166]].
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# [[Isle of Man pound]] (от Фунта стерлингов)
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# [[Tuvaluan dollar]] (от Австралийского доллара).
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The standard also defines the relationship between the major currency unit and any minor currency unit. Often, the minor currency unit has a value that is 1/100 of the major unit, but 1/10 or 1/1000 are also common. Some currencies do not have any minor currency unit at all.  In others, the major currency unit has so little value that the minor unit is no longer generally used (e.g. the Japanese ''sen'', 1/100th of a yen). [[Mauritania]] does not use a decimal division of units, setting 1 [[Mauritanian ouguiya|ouguiya]] (UM) = 5 [[khoums]], and [[Madagascar]] has 1 [[ariary]] = 5 [[iraimbilanja]].
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ISO 4217 includes codes for not only currencies, but also codes for precious metals ([[gold]], [[silver]], [[palladium]] and [[platinum]]; by definition expressed per one [[troy ounce]], as compared to "1 USD") and certain other entities used in international finance, e.g. [[Special Drawing Rights]]. There are also special codes allocated for testing purposes ('''XTS'''), and to indicate no currency transactions (XXX). These codes all begin with the letter "X". The precious metals use "X" plus the metal's [[chemical symbol]]; silver, for example, is '''XAG'''. ISO 3166 never assigns country codes beginning with "X", so ISO 4217 can use "X" codes for non-country-specific currencies without risk of clashing with future country codes.
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Supranational currencies, such as the [[East Caribbean dollar]], the [[CFP franc]], the [[CFAF|CFA franc]] BEAC and the CFA franc BCEAO are normally also represented by codes beginning with an "X". However, the [[Euro]] is represented by the code '''EUR'''; although EU is not an [[ISO 3166-1]] country code, it was used anyway, and in order to do so EU was added to the [[ISO 3166-1]] reserved codes list to represent the [[European Union]]. The predecessor to the Euro, the [[European Currency Unit]], had the code XEU.
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== History ==
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In 1973, the ISO Technical Committee 68 decided to develop codes for the representation of currencies and funds for use in any application of trade, commerce or banking. At the 17th session (February 1978) of the related [[UN]]/[[United Nations Economic Commission for Europe|ECE]] Group of Experts agreed that the three letter alphabetic codes for International Standard ISO 4217, "Codes for the representation of currencies and funds", would be suitable for use in international trade.
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Over time, new currencies are created and old currencies are discontinued. Frequently, these changes are due to new governments (through war or a new constitution), treaties between countries standardizing on a currency, or revaluation of the currency due to excessive inflation. As a result, the list of codes must be updated from time to time. The ISO 4217 maintenance agency (MA), the [[British Standards Institution]], is responsible for maintaining the list of codes.
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==Without currency code==
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A number of territories are not included in ISO 4217, because their currencies are not ''per se'' an independent currency, but a variant of another currency. In the case of the [[Channel Islands]] and the [[Isle of Man]], they have no [[ISO 3166-1 alpha-2]] [[country codes]] and hence there is no corresponding currency code. These currencies are:
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# [[Faroese króna]] (dependent on the [[Danish krone]])
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# [[Guernsey pound]] (dependent on the [[Pound sterling]]; no ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code)
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# [[Jersey pound]] (dependent on the [[Pound sterling]]; no ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code)
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# [[Isle of Man pound]] (dependent on the [[Pound sterling]]; no ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code)
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# [[Tuvaluan dollar]] (dependent on the [[Australian dollar]]).
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== Obsolete currency codes ==
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Note that the currency names used below may not match the currency names used in the ISO standard itself, but the codes do match.
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===Replaced by Euro===
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# ADP [[Andorran Peseta]]
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# ATS Austrian [[Schilling]]
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# BEF [[Belgian Franc]]
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# DEM [[Deutsche Mark]]
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# ESP Spanish [[Peseta]]
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# FIM Finnish [[Markka]]
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# FRF [[French franc|French Franc]]
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# GRD Greek [[Drachma]]
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# IEP [[Irish Pound]]
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# ITL [[Italian Lira]]
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# LUF [[Luxembourg Franc]]
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# NLG Dutch [[Dutch Gulden|Guilder]]
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# PTE [[Portuguese Escudo]]
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# XEU [[European Currency Unit]] (ECU)
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===Replaced for other reasons===
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# AFA [[Afghani (currency)|Afghani]] (replaced by AFN)
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# ALK Albanian old lek (replaced by ALL)
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# AON Angolan New Kwanza (replaced by AOA)
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# AOR Angolan Kwanza Readjustado (replaced by AOA)
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# ARP Peso Argentino (replaced by ARS)
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# ARY Argentine peso (replaced by ARS)
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# AZM [[Azerbaijan]]i [[Azerbaijani manat|manat]] (replaced by AZN)
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# BEC [[Belgian Franc]] (convertible)
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# BEL Belgian Franc (financial)
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# BGJ Bulgarian lev A/52 (replaced by BGN)
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# BGK Bulgarian lev A/62 (replaced by BGN)
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# BGL Bulgarian lev A/99 (replaced by BGN)
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# BOP Bolivian peso (replaced by BOB)
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# BRB Brazilian cruzeiro (replaced by BRL)
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# BRC Brazilian cruzado (replaced by BRL)
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# CNX Chinese People's Bank dollar (replaced by CNY)
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# CSJ [[Czechoslovakia|Czechoslovak]] koruna A/53
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# CSK [[Czechoslovakia|Czechoslovak]] koruna (replaced by CZK and SKK)
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# DDM mark der DDR (East Germany) (replaced by DEM)
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# ECS Ecuador [[Sucre (currency)|sucre]] (replaced by USD)
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# ECV Ecuador [[Unidad de Valor Constante]] (Funds code) (discontinued)
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# EQE Equatorial Guinean ekwele (replaced by XAF)
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# ESA Spanish peseta (account A)
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# ESB Spanish peseta (account B)
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# GNE Guinean syli (replaced by XOF)
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# GWP Guinea peso (replaced by XOF)
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# ILP Israeli pound (replaced by ILR)
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# ILR Israeli old shekel (replaced by ILS)
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# ISJ Icelandic old krona (replaced by ISK)
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# LAJ Lao kip - Pot Pol (replaced by LAK)
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# MAF Mali franc (replaced by XOF)
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# MGF [[Madagascar|Malagasy]] [[franc]] (replaced by MGA)
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# MKN Macedonian denar A/93 (replaced by MKD)
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# MVQ Maldive rupee (replaced by MVR)
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# MXP Mexican peso (replaced by MXN)
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# PEH Peruvian sol (replaced by PEN)
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# PLZ Polish złoty A/94 (replaced by PLN)
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# ROK Romanian leu A/52 (replaced by ROL)
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# ROL [[Romania]]n [[Romanian leu|leu]] A/05 (replaced by RON)
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# RUR Russian ruble (replaced by RUB)
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# SRG Suriname guilder (replaced by SRD)
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# SUR Soviet Union ruble (replaced by RUB)
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# SVC [[El Salvador|Salvadoran]] [[Colón (currency)|colón]] (replaced by USD)
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# TPE Timor escudo
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# TRL [[Lira|Turkish lira]] A/05 (replaced by TRY)
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# UGW Ugandan old shilling (replaced by UGX)
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# UYN Uruguay old peso (replaced by UYU)
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# VNC Vietnamese old dong (replaced by VND)
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# YDD South Yemeni dinar (replaced by YER)
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# YUD New Yugoslavian Dinar (replaced by CSD)
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# YUM Yugoslavian Dinar (replaced by CSD)
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# ZAL South African [[financial rand]] (Funds code) (discontinued)
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# ZRN New Zaire (replaced by CDF)
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# ZRZ Zaire (replaced by CDF)
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# ZWC Zimbabwe Rhodesian dollar (replaced by ZWD)
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== External links ==
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* [http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/popstds/currencycodeslist.html The official list of ISO-4217 alphabetic and numeric codes]
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*[http://www.unece.org/cefact/recommendations/rec09/rec09_ecetrd203.pdf An older list of ISO-4217 alphabetic codes that contains some history of ISO-4217] ([[PDF]] file)
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*[http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/currency_table.html Another list of numeric and alphabetic ISO 4217 currency codes]
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<!--
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*[http://www.bsi-global.com/Portfolio+of+Products+and+Services/Books+Guides/Consumer/th42090.xalter] – ISO 4217 Maintenance Authority at the British Standards Institute – includes list of currency codes (not up-to-date).
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*[http://www.unece.org/cefact/rec/cocucod.htm] – [[United Nations Economic Commission for Europe]] (UNECE) – Country and Currency Codes [http://www.unece.org/cefact/rec/cocucod.htm] (up-to-date):
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-->
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* Currency conversion:
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** [http://coinmill.com/ Calculator for Currency Rate Exchange]
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**http://www.xe.com/ucc/
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**http://www.oanda.com/convert/classic
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*[http://www.fx4business.com/services/EasyReference.html Travelex Country and Currency Guide]
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Версия 12:30, 19 мая 2006

Действующие коды

Согласно стандарту ISO 4217

  1. BOV Bolivian Mvdol (Funds code) (Боливия)
  1. CLF Unidades de formento (Funds code) (Чили)
  1. COU Unidad de Valor Real (Колумбия)
  1. KYD Cayman Islands Dollar (Cayman Islands)
  1. MXV Mexican Unidad de Inversion (UDI) (Funds code) (Мексика)

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Национальные валюты, не являющиеся самостоятельными по сути, производные от основной валюты страны-покровителя этих территорий

  1. Faroese króna (от Датской кроны)
  2. Guernsey pound (от Фунта стерлингов)
  3. Jersey pound (от Фунта стерлингов)
  4. Isle of Man pound (от Фунта стерлингов)
  5. Tuvaluan dollar (от Австралийского доллара).
Источник — «http://leushev.ru/content/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B3%D0%B8&oldid=18986»
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